异常处理器

基于配置的异常处理

SpringMVC提供了一个处理控制器方法执行过程中所出现的异常的接口:HandlerExceptionResolver

HandlerExceptionResolver接口的实现类有:DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver和SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

SpringMVC提供了自定义的异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver,使用方式:

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<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<!--
properties的键表示处理器方法执行过程中出现的异常
properties的值表示若出现指定异常时,设置一个新的视图名称,跳转到指定页面
-->
<prop key="java.lang.ArithmeticException">error</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!--
exceptionAttribute属性设置一个属性名,将出现的异常信息在请求域中进行共享
-->
<property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"></property>
</bean>

完整代码

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<!--配置异常处理-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="java.lang.ArithmeticException">error</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!--设置异常信息共享在请求域中的键-->
<property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"></property>
</bean>
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@RequestMapping("/testExceptionHandler")
public String testExceptionHandler(){
System.out.println(1/0);
return "success";
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
出现错误
<p th:text="${ex}"></p>
</body>
</html>
  • 访问URL结果

基于注解的异常处理@ControllerAdvice

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//@ControllerAdvice将当前类标识为异常处理的组件
@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionController {

//@ExceptionHandler用于设置所标识方法处理的异常
@ExceptionHandler(ArithmeticException.class)
//ex表示当前请求处理中出现的异常对象
public String handleArithmeticException(Exception ex, Model model){
model.addAttribute("ex", ex);
return "error";
}

}

完整代码

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@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionController {

@ExceptionHandler(value = {ArithmeticException.class,NullPointerException.class})
public String testException(Exception ex, Model model){
model.addAttribute("ex",ex);
return "error";

}
}

实际应用

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package com.itheima.reggie.common;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException;

/**
* @author MiracloW
* @date 2022-10-11 08:39
*/
//这句注释的意思是:拦截 加了RestController注解的类,并进行处理
@ControllerAdvice(annotations = {RestController.class, Controller.class})
@ResponseBody
@Slf4j
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

/*
异常处理器,表示处理SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException这个异常
*/
@ExceptionHandler(SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException.class)
public R<String> exceptionHandler(SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException ex){
log.error(ex.getMessage());
//对异常信息进行处理
if(ex.getMessage().contains("Duplicate entry")){
String[] split = ex.getMessage().split(" ");
String msg = split[2] + "已存在";
return R.error(msg);
}


return R.error("未知错误");
}

//捕获CustomException异常
@ExceptionHandler(CustomException.class)
public R<String> exceptionHandler(CustomException ex){
log.error(ex.getMessage());
return R.error(ex.getMessage());
}
}